Meaning, Types, and Practical Guide The phrase “burden of proof” is central to how courts decide cases, including matters under the Indian Evidence Act and the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), India’s reformed criminal code framework replacing the IPC for offences and procedure alignment. What Is the Burden of Proof? The burden of proof is the […]
Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 is India’s modern criminal code designed to replace the Indian Penal Code of 1860 with a streamlined, citizen-centric, and technology-ready framework. It aligns criminal law with constitutional values, strengthens safeguards for victims, and addresses contemporary crimes such as cyber fraud, organized crime, terrorism, and offenses against women and children. Purpose and
Chapter One: Introduction to the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 Read More »
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023 is a landmark reform in India’s criminal law framework, replacing the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) of 1860 with a modern, citizen-centric, and technology-ready legal code. Designed to align with India’s constitutional values and contemporary needs, the BNS focuses on justice delivery, victim rights, and faster, more transparent legal
